6. Maxwell's Demon

The Maxwell’s demon thought experiment is a famous setup in which one is able to create a temperature differential in an initially thermalized gas by exploiting the information extracted from measurements on the gas particles. There are many versions of the setup that fundamentally show the same thing (e.g. creating a difference in number of particles instead of temperature). By placing a shallow box with small balls inside on a vibrating table one can simulate a confined 2D gas. Implement the Maxwell Demon setup (or one of its cousins) in such a system and optimize the speed and efficiency of the process by which you create the difference in thermodynamic potential. Furthermore, is it possible to turn your device into an engine and use perform work? If so characterize its power and power fluctuations.